中文摘要
现代科技平台为劳动者提供实时的工作时间控制权，并日益提供灵活薪酬：即工作后立即获得报酬的选项。我们考察薪酬灵活性的劳动供给效应，以及零工经济劳动者中现时偏向偏好的含义。利用优步一项全国性随机对照试验的细粒度数据，我们估计了从固定周薪支付安排转向即时支付（Instant Pay，一种允许按需、当日提款的系统）的效果。我们发现，灵活薪酬大幅增加了司机的劳动时间。此外，与现时偏向一致，当司机距离其反事实周薪支付周期结束更远时，该反应显著更强。我们讨论了在劳动者能够灵活供给劳动的情境下的福利与更广泛含义。本文由行为经济学与决策分析领域编辑George Wu接受。补充材料：在线附录与数据文件可在 https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2024.05301 获取。
Abstract
Modern tech platforms provide workers real-time control over when they work and, increasingly, flexible pay: the option to be paid immediately after work. We investigate the labor supply effects of pay flexibility and the implications of present-biased preferences among gig-economy workers. Using granular data from a nationwide randomized controlled trial at Uber, we estimate the effects of switching from a fixed weekly pay schedule to Instant Pay, a system that allows on-demand, within-day withdrawals. We find that flexible pay substantially increased drivers’ work time. Furthermore, consistent with present bias, the response is significantly higher when drivers are further away from the end of their counterfactual weekly pay cycle. We discuss welfare and broader implications in contexts in which workers have the ability to flexibly supply labor. This paper was accepted by George Wu, behavioral economics and decision analysis. Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2024.05301 .