Management Science · 2026 · Prasanna B. Tambe
中文摘要
本研究提供的证据表明,人工智能与算法是领域专长的互补品,当算法素养在劳动者中广泛普及时,二者创造的价值最大。与将专业知识集中于IT专家的早期商业技术不同,人工智能与算法在领域专家本人能够解释和运用它们时最为有效。利用两个劳动力数据集,我发现:领域专家对算法技能的需求正在上升,前沿企业广泛传播这些技能,并且当此类能力较为分散时,市场对企业人工智能与算法投资给予的回报更高。无代码工具与自然语言工具的普及降低了使用门槛,使领域专家能够将算法融入其决策过程,从而加速了这一转变。这些模式凸显了劳动力培训与组织设计对于实现人工智能应用带来的生产率提升的重要性。
Abstract
This study provides evidence that AI and algorithms act as complements to domain expertise, creating the greatest value when algorithmic literacy is broadly diffused among workers. Unlike earlier business technologies that concentrated expertise in IT specialists, AI and algorithms are most effective when domain experts themselves can interpret and apply them. Using two workforce datasets, I show that demand for algorithmic skills is rising among domain experts, frontier firms diffuse these skills broadly, and markets reward firms’ AI and algorithmic investments more when such capabilities are dispersed. The spread of no-code and natural language tools accelerates this shift by lowering barriers to use and allowing domain experts to integrate algorithms into their decision-making processes. These patterns underscore the importance of workforce training and organizational design in realizing productivity gains from AI adoption.