多维度扶贫计划对中国农村收入与家庭行为的影响
The Effects of a Multifaceted Poverty Alleviation Program on Rural Income and Household Behavior in China
American Economic Journal: Economic Policy · 2025 · [{"name": "Rui Li", "affiliation": ["Fudan University"]}, {"name": "Hong Song", "affiliation": ["Fudan University"]}, {"name": "Jun Zhang", "affiliation": ["Chinese University of Hong Kong", "Fudan University", "Zhejiang University"]}, {"name": "Junsen Zhang", "affiliation": ["Chinese University of Hong Kong", "Fudan University", "Zhejiang University"]}]
中文摘要
本研究考察了一项政府主导的大规模多维度扶贫项目对中国农村收入的影响。我们发现，该项目对国家重点贫困县产生了正向影响，使农村收入增加了10.9%。这一效应主要通过产业扶持、农业发展和公共服务改善实现。与当地比较优势相一致的扶贫策略产生了更为显著的效果。住户层面的分析表明，该项目改变了住户的收入与支出，且对最贫困住户的影响尤为显著。本研究为中国近期的扶贫经验提供了新颖的见解和政策启示。（JEL H53, I32, I38, O12, O18, P25, P36）
Abstract
This study examines the effects of a government-led, large-scale, multifaceted poverty alleviation program on rural income in China. We find that the program has a positive impact on national key poor counties, with a 10.9 percent increase in rural income. This effect mainly arises via industrial support, agricultural development, and public service improvement. Poverty alleviation strategies consistent with local comparative advantages yield more significant effects. Household-level analyses suggest the program changes households’ income and expenditure, and the effects are particularly substantial for the poorest households. The study provides novel insights and policy implications for China’s recent experience with poverty alleviation. (JEL H53, I32, I38, O12, O18, P25, P36)