中文摘要
学术界的性别差距是否反映出女性学者被要求达到比男性更高的标准?我们通过比较做出相同职业晋升的经济学界男性与女性学者的学术成就来回答这一问题。在四个领域——教职聘任、学术网络邀请、科研资助授予和编辑聘任——我们没有发现女性所面临标准更高的证据。相比之下,做出相同职业晋升的女性平均而言引用量与发表量均少于相应的男性。在大多数领域中,这反映了“边际”学者的性别差距,与女性门槛更低的情形相一致。
Abstract
Do gender disparities in academia reflect that female scholars are held to higher standards than males? We address this question by comparing the academic achievements of male and female scholars in economics who make the same career step. Across four domains—faculty appointments, network invitations, grant awards and editor appointments—we find no evidence that standards are higher for females. By contrast, the average female has fewer citations and publications than the average male who makes the same career step. In most domains, this reflects a gender gap for “marginal” scholars, consistent with a lower bar for females.