增加器官捐献登记作为增加移植的手段：一项基于真实器官捐献登记的实验
Increasing Organ Donor Registration as a Means to Increase Transplantation: An Experiment with Actual Organ Donor Registrations
American Economic Journal: Economic Policy · 2025 · [{"name": "Judd B. Kessler", "affiliation": ["University of Pennsylvania"]}, {"name": "Alvin E. Roth", "affiliation": ["Stanford University"]}]
中文摘要
美国移植用器官严重短缺。近来，受基于假设选择的研究启发，一些辖区尝试通过改变登记问题的提问方式来提高器官捐献登记率。我们通过一项新颖的“实验室实地”实验对这些改变进行评估——在该实验中，受试者会更改其真实的器官捐献登记状态——并利用从美国各州收集的新捐献登记数据加以印证。与基于假设选择得出的结论相反，“是/否”框架并不比“选择加入”框架更有效；但其他问题措辞确实可能产生影响，且要求个人重新考虑其捐献状态会提高登记率。(JEL C91, D12, D91, I11, I18)
Abstract
The United States has a severe shortage of organs for transplant. Recently—inspired by research based on hypothetical choices— jurisdictions have tried to increase organ donor registrations by changing how the registration question is asked. We evaluate these changes with a novel “field-in-the-lab” experiment, in which subjects change their real organ donor status, and with new donor registration data collected from US states. A “yes/no” frame is not more effective than an “ opt-in” frame, contradicting conclusions based on hypothetical choices, but other question wording can matter, and asking individuals to reconsider their donor status increases registrations. (JEL C91, D12, D91, I11, I18)