Journal of Policy Analysis and Management · 2025 · M.V. Lee Badgett、Christopher S. Carpenter、Maxine J. Lee、Dario Sansone
中文摘要
2015年6月26日，美国最高法院在“奥贝格费尔诉霍奇斯案”（Obergefell v. Hodges）中使同性婚姻在全国范围内获得法律认可，此前各州和地区已出现一系列司法判例与立法活动。类似政策已在其他国家扩散，尤其是在西欧和美洲。研究者利用美国及其他地区同性婚姻合法化及相关政策的交错（分批）实施，以及针对女同性恋者、男同性恋者和双性恋者群体数据的改进，来研究婚姻平等的效应。本文对这一证据进行综述，重点关注社会态度、婚姻缔结、家庭组建、就业、时间利用、医疗保险覆盖以及健康等结果。我们讨论了理解同性婚姻可能产生效应的概念框架；研究处理效应的方法论考量；同性婚姻合法化所处的政策背景，包括2023年《尊重婚姻法案》；以及未来研究的重要方向。
Abstract
Abstract On June 26, 2015, the United States Supreme Court extended nationwide legal access to same‐sex marriage in Obergefell v. Hodges , following a series of court cases and legislative activities at the state and district levels. Similar policies have diffused throughout other countries, especially in western Europe and the Americas. Researchers have used the staggered rollout of legal same‐sex marriage and related policies in the U.S. and elsewhere, along with improved data on lesbian, gay, and bisexual people, to study the effects of marriage equality. In this paper, we review this evidence, focusing on outcomes such as societal attitudes, marriage take‐up, family formation, employment, time use, health insurance coverage, and health. We discuss conceptual frameworks for understanding the likely effects of same‐sex marriage; methodological considerations for studying treatment effects; the policy context surrounding legal same‐sex marriage, including the 2023 Respect for Marriage Act; and important areas for future research.