American Economic Journal: Applied Economics · 2025 · James Berry、Rebecca Dizon-Ross、Maulik Jagnani
中文摘要
我们开展了两项实验，以识别父母在投资子女时对机会均等所赋予的价值。这些实验外生地改变了教育投资的短期回报，以识别父母在均等化“机会”（子女层面的投资）相对于最大化“回报”（家庭总收入）或均等化“结果”（子女层面的预期收入）之间所赋予的权重。尽管两项实验中的父母都对最大化回报赋予一定权重，但他们也表现出对均等化机会的强烈偏好，并愿意为此放弃其收入的15%至45%。较高收入国家的父母还关心均等化结果，而较低收入国家的父母则并非如此。（JEL D63, J12, J13, O15）
Abstract
We conduct two experiments to identify the value parents place on equality of opportunity when investing in children. The experiments exogenously vary short-run returns to educational investments to identify the weight placed on equalizing “opportunity” (child-level investment) relative to maximizing “returns” (total household earnings) or to equalizing “outcomes” (child-level expected earnings). While parents in both experiments place some weight on maximizing returns, they also display a strong preference for equalizing opportunities and are willing to forgo 15–45 percent of their earnings to do so. Parents in higher-income countries also care about equalizing outcomes, while parents in lower-income countries do not. (JEL D63, J12, J13, O15)