Removing Welfare Traps: Employment Responses in the Finnish Basic Income Experiment
American Economic Journal: Economic Policy · 2022 · Jouko Verho、Kari Hämäläinen、Ohto Kanninen
中文摘要
本文提供证据表明，以等额基本收入替代最低失业救济金至多只产生微弱的就业效应。我们考察了芬兰的一项实验，其中 2,000 名救济金领取者被随机分配领取月度基本收入。该实验将全职就业的参与税率降低了 23 个百分点。尽管工作激励大幅增加，实验第一年的就业天数在统计上保持不变。此外，尽管所有求职要求均被豁免，再就业服务的参与率仍然很高。(JEL C93, H24, H53, I38, J64, J65)
Abstract
This paper provides evidence that replacing minimum unemployment benefits with a basic income of equal size has minor employment effects at best. We examine an experiment in Finland in which 2,000 benefit recipients were randomized to receive a monthly basic income. The experiment lowered participation tax rates by 23 percentage points for full-time employment. Despite the considerable increase in work incentives, days in employment remained statistically unchanged in the first year of the experiment. Moreover, even though all job search requirements were waived, participation in reemployment services remained high. (JEL C93, H24, H53, I38, J64, J65)