Improving Preferential Market Access through Rules of Origin: Firm-Level Evidence from Bangladesh
中文摘要
在本地投入品采购机会有限的国家，原产地规则削弱了最终产品出口商利用优惠贸易协定的能力。我分析了 2011 年对欧盟普惠制相关原产地规则的修订，该修订允许最不发达国家的服装生产商在出口产品中使用国际采购的纺织品。利用孟加拉国服装企业的交易层面数据，我发现原产地规则将优惠幅度有效削减了四分之三。放宽原产地规则带来了企业层面的收入增长，这一增长由集约边际驱动，具体通过货运规模扩大和质量升级实现。（JEL F13, F14, L67, O14, O19）
Abstract
In countries where there exist limited opportunities to source inputs locally, rules of origin undermine access to preferential trade agreements for final goods exporters. I analyze the 2011 revision to the rules of origin associated with the European Union’s Generalized System of Preferences, which allowed apparel producers in least developed countries to use internationally sourced textiles in exported products. Using transaction-level data on Bangladeshi apparel firms, I find that the rules of origin effectively cut the preferential margin by three-fourths. Liberalizing the rules of origin resulted in firm-level revenue growth, which was driven by the intensive margin through increased shipment sizes and quality upgrading. (JEL F13, F14, L67, O14, O19)