中文摘要
本文考察健康通过影响各部门之间的性别劳动分工,进而在决定总体生产率中所起的作用。本文构建了一个两部门一般均衡模型,其特征是男性的健康回报在农业部门相对较高,这意味着当总体人口健康改善时,女性人才将向非农部门重新配置。定量分析表明,健康改善能有效提高基于性别的部门配置效率,并提升总体劳动生产率。健康改善所带来的生产率收益中,约有20%由性别劳动分工所解释。此外,在提高总体产出与福利方面,健康补贴通常比教育补贴更为有效。
Abstract
This paper examines the role of health in determining aggregate productivity through its impact on the gender division of labor across sectors. A two-sector general equilibrium model is developed featuring a relatively high return to health for men in agriculture, implying a reallocation of female talent toward nonagriculture when health of the general population is improved. Quantitative analysis shows that health improvements effectively increase gender-based sectoral allocation efficiency and raise aggregate labor productivity. Around 20% of the productivity gains from health improvements are accounted for by the gender division of labor. Moreover, health subsidies are generally more effective than education subsidies in enhancing aggregate output and welfare.