American Economic Journal: Applied Economics · 2025 · Olof Ejermo、Kerstin Enflo、Björn Eriksson、Erik Prawitz
中文摘要
尽管历史上和当今都存在规模可观的循环迁移流动,其经济影响仍缺乏研究。我们利用大规模移民时代从美国返回瑞典、以农村居民为主的移民数据,估计了临时性迁移在财富、收入、人口和社会结果方面的回报。我们发现可观的财富效应,但劳动收入增加或职业升级的证据有限。男性返乡者的财富几乎是留守者的两倍,这很可能源于海外积蓄;而女性返乡者的财富增长则主要来自婚姻。这些发现凸显了在评估临时性迁移的经济回报时考虑财富因素的必要性。
Abstract
Despite significant circular migration flows historically and today, their economic impacts remain understudied. Using data on predominantly rural Swedish migrants who returned from the United States during the Age of Mass Migration, we estimate returns to temporary migration in terms of wealth, income, demographic, and social outcomes. We find substantial wealth effects but limited evidence of increased labor income or occupational upgrading. Male returnees held nearly double the wealth of stayers, likely due to overseas savings, while female returnees gained wealth mainly through marriage. These findings highlight the need to consider wealth when evaluating the economic returns of temporary migration.