Labor Market Inequality and the Changing Life Cycle Profile of Male and Female Wages
American Economic Journal: Applied Economics · 2025 · Richard Blundell、Hugo Lopez、James P. Ziliak
中文摘要
我们利用分位数选择模型估计美国男性与女性各队列生命周期工资的完整分布,以考虑就业在性别与教育组别之间的系统性差异。尽管研究表明组内共同的时间效应是跨性别劳动力市场不平等的关键驱动因素,但按出生队列还存在重要的额外差异:较近队列的女性推迟了养育子女,并因此推迟了工资中子女惩罚的出现。这些跨队列差异有助于解释过去四分之一世纪性别工资差距缩小进程的停滞。
Abstract
We estimate the full distribution of life cycle wages for cohorts of men and women in the United States using a quantile selection model to account for systematic differences in employment by gender and education group. Although common within-group time effects are shown to be a key driver of labor market inequalities across gender, important additional differences by birth cohort emerge with more recent cohorts of women delaying child rearing and, by implication, the onset of child penalties in wages. These cross-cohort differences help account for the stalling of progress in gender wage gaps over the past quarter century.