医生与健康的生产：死亡率转型期间医疗保健的回报
Physicians and the Production of Health: Returns to Health Care during the Mortality Transition
Review of Economics and Statistics · 2024 · [{"name": "Helge Liebert", "affiliation": ["University of Zurich", "Swiss National Bank"]}, {"name": "Beatrice Mäder", "affiliation": ["Polynomics (Switzerland)"]}]
中文摘要
摘要：本文研究死亡率转型期间医疗服务供给的回报。我们构建了一个涵盖1928年至1936年德国市镇的新面板数据集。我们利用犹太医生被逐出法定健康保险这一事件所形成的地区医生供给外生变异，处理医疗供给的内生性问题。医生供给增加降低了婴儿死亡率以及常见儿童疾病导致的死亡率。采用半参数控制函数方法，我们发现医疗服务供给的边际回报递减。这一结果与二十世纪婴儿死亡率的历史趋势一致。
Abstract
Abstract This paper investigates the returns to health care provision during the mortality transition. We construct a new panel data set covering German municipalities from 1928 to 1936. The endogeneity of health care supply is addressed by using the expulsion of Jewish physicians from statutory health insurance as exogenous variation in regional physician supply. Increases in the supply of physicians reduce infant mortality and mortality from common childhood diseases. Using a semiparametric control function approach, we find diminishing marginal returns to health care provision. The results are consistent with historical trends in infant mortality over the twentieth century.