中文摘要
我们研究 1910 年至 1930 年间移民对美国各城市本地人婚姻、生育与家庭形成的影响。利用移动份额(shift-share)设计,我们发现,居住在接收更多移民的城市的本地人更可能结婚、生育子女,并更早离开父母家。我们的证据表明,移民提高了本地男性的就业,从而增加了本地"适婚男性"的供给。我们考察了其他可能的渠道——例如本地人内部构成的变化、性别比、本地人的文化反应,以及本地女性所面临的经济竞争。我们的结论是,其中任何单一渠道都无法解释我们的结果。
Abstract
We study the effects of immigration on natives’ marriage, fertility, and family formation across U.S. cities between 1910 and 1930. Using a shift-share design, we find that natives living in cities that received more immigrants were more likely to marry, have children, and leave the parental house earlier. Our evidence suggests that immigration increased native men’s employment, thereby raising the supply of native “marriageable men.” We consider alternative channels—such as compositional changes among the natives, sex ratios, natives’ cultural reactions, and economic competition faced by native women. We conclude that none of them, alone, can explain our results.