Uber与交通致死事故
Uber and Traffic Fatalities
Review of Economics and Statistics · 2023 · [{"name": "Michael Anderson", "affiliation": ["University of California System", "University of California, Berkeley"]}, {"name": "Lucas W. Davis", "affiliation": ["University of California System", "University of California, Berkeley"]}]
中文摘要
摘要 以往关于网约车对交通死亡人数影响的研究得出了不一致的结论。我们使用 Uber 提供的专有数据重新考察这一问题, 该数据衡量了人口普查区层面的月度网约车活动。我们发现网约车对交通死亡人数具有一致的负向影响, 且影响集中在夜间和周末。我们的结果表明, 在网约车运营的地区, 网约车已使美国交通死亡人数下降了 5.2%。每年挽救生命带来的收益为 68 亿美元。粗略估算表明, 这些收益与 Uber 股东获得的生产者剩余或 Uber 乘客获得的消费者剩余规模相近。
Abstract
Abstract Previous studies of the effect of ridesharing on traffic fatalities have yielded inconsistent conclusions. We revisit this question using proprietary data from Uber measuring monthly rideshare activity at the Census tract level. We find a consistent negative effect of ridesharing on traffic fatalities, with impacts concentrated during nights and weekends. Our results imply that ridesharing has decreased U.S. traffic fatalities by 5.2% in areas where it operates. The annual life-saving benefits are $6.8 billion. Back-of-the-envelope calculations suggest that these benefits are of similar magnitude to producer surplus captured by Uber shareholders or consumer surplus captured by Uber riders.