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择校中的联盟可操纵性

Coalitional manipulability in school choice
Theoretical Economics · 2026 · Emma Moreno-Garcı́a、Juan Pablo Torres-Martínez

中文摘要

在择校情境中,我们以十余种联盟可操纵程度指标对稳定机制进行比较。尽管不存在对所有择校情境都满足群体策略防偏的稳定机制,我们证明:学生最优稳定机制是被联盟操纵程度最低的机制,而学校最优稳定机制则是联盟可操纵性最高的机制。当学生只能报告截断偏好、联盟集合受到限制,或在可用学位多于学生人数时学校不能被声明为不可接受的情况下,这些结果依然成立。相反,若学位短缺且学生没有外部选择,学校最优稳定机制被联盟操纵的程度可能低于学生最优稳定机制。此外,外部性的存在会破坏一个使联盟/个体可操纵性最小化的稳定机制的存在性,即使学生主要关心的是自己的分配结果。

Abstract

In school choice contexts, we compare stable mechanisms under a dozen measures of coalitional manipulability degree. Although no stable mechanism is group strategy-proof for all school choice contexts, we show that the student-optimal stable mechanism is the least manipulable by coalitions, whereas the school-optimal stable mechanism is the most coalitionally manipulable. These results still hold when students can only report truncated preferences, when the set of coalitions is limited, or when schools cannot be declared unacceptable as long as there are more available seats than students. In contrast, if there is a shortage of seats and students have no outside options, the school-optimal stable mechanism can be less manipulable by coalitions than the student-optimal stable mechanism. Furthermore, the presence of externalities compromise the existence of a stable mechanism that minimizes coalitional/individual manipulability, even when students are primarily concerned with their assignments.
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