移民、贸易与市场准入
Migrants, Trade, and Market Access
Review of Economics and Statistics · 2023 · [{"name": "Barthélémy Bonadio", "affiliation": ["New York University Abu Dhabi"]}]
中文摘要
摘要 移民塑造市场可达性：他们降低了国际贸易摩擦，并影响了需求的地理位置。本文将这两种效应纳入一个校准至美国各州的国际与国内贸易和移民模型中，估计了出口和进口对移民的弹性。结果表明，若将美国移民人口占比降至20世纪80年代的水平，进口（出口）贸易成本将上升7%（2.5%），美国本土居民的实际工资将下降超过2%。对移民消费需求的暴露程度高于对移民劳动力竞争暴露程度的州将遭受更大损失，出口和进口暴露程度更高的州同样如此。
Abstract
Abstract Migrants shape market access: They reduce international trade frictions and they affect the geographical location of demand. This article incorporates both effects in a model of inter- and intranational trade and migration calibrated to U.S. states. It estimates the elasticity of exports and imports to migrants and shows that reducing U.S. migrant population shares to 1980s levels would increase import (export) trade costs by 7% (2.5%) and decrease U.S. natives’ real wages by more than 2%. States with higher exposure to migrant consumer demand than to migrant labor competition would suffer more, as would states with higher export and import exposure.