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功劳归谁?团队中的功劳归属、溢出效应与无效率

Who gets the credit? Credit attribution, spillovers, and inefficiency in teams
Games and Economic Behavior · 2025 · Ozerturk, Saltuk、Yildirim, Huseyin

中文摘要

我们研究存在正溢出效应、且奖励基于事后对集体成功的公开功劳认定的环境中的团队激励。与最大化团队整体收益的事前有效功劳分配相比, 事后功劳会扭曲个体激励: 当溢出效应较低时, 高能力或低成本的代理人获得过多功劳并过度付出努力; 而当溢出效应较高时, 他们的功劳被低估、激励不足。为解决这些无效率问题, 组织可以通过限制同伴间沟通或降低团队协作透明度的方式最优地限制溢出效应。此外, 对功劳分享的顾虑可能使代理人在主导项目时不愿邀请合作者, 或不愿选择最有能力的伙伴。

Abstract

We examine team incentives in environments with positive spillovers and rewards based on ex-post public credit for collective success. Compared to the ex-ante efficient credit allocation that maximizes the team's overall payoff, ex-post credit distorts individual incentives: higher-ability or lower-cost agents receive excessive credit and overexert effort when spillovers are low, but are under-credited and insufficiently motivated when spillovers are high. To address these inefficiencies, organizations may optimally limit spillovers by restricting peer communication or reducing transparency in teamwork. Moreover, concerns about credit-sharing can deter agents from inviting collaborators or selecting the most capable partners when leading projects.
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