超越先天与后天

Journal of Human Resources · 2023 · [{"name": "Wei Huang", "affiliation": ["Peking University", "Weifang University"]}, {"name": "Xiaoyan Lei", "affiliation": ["King University", "Peking University", "Xi'an Peihua University"]}, {"name": "Guangjun Shen", "affiliation": ["Sun Yat-sen University", "Lingnan University"]}, {"name": "Ang Sun", "affiliation": ["Renmin University of China"]}]

中文摘要

母亲教育对儿童健康的影响已有充分文献记录。利用中国《义务教育法》(CSL) 实施所带来的暴露程度差异，我们发现，教育降低了青少年怀孕的发生率，并提高了产前检查后进行人工流产的可能性。粗略估算表明，这些渠道可以解释CSL所导致的出生缺陷下降幅度中的45%。研究结果表明，在允许人工流产的国家，母亲教育通过减少未成年怀孕，并对异常/不健康胎儿进行选择性淘汰，从而改善了儿童健康。

Abstract

<h3>Abstract</h3> The impact of maternal education on child health has been well documented. Using the variations in exposure to China’s Compulsory Schooling Law (CSL), we find that education induced a lower incidence of teenage pregnancy and a higher likelihood of induced abortion following prenatal checkups. A back-of-the-envelope calculation shows that these channels could explain 45% of the birth defect decline induced by the CSL. The findings suggest that in countries where abortions are allowed, maternal education improves child health by decreasing pregnancy at an immature age and selection against abnormal/unhealthy fetuses.