中文摘要
女性在第一个孩子出生后劳动收入往往大幅下降,而男性则不然。这种“子女惩罚”是否也存在于政治领域?利用来自挪威的全面行政数据,我们发现第一个孩子出生后,女性获得民选职位的可能性低于男性。这种效应从提名阶段即已显现:与可比的父亲相比,母亲在政党名单上的排名较为不利。本文拓宽了我们对政治代表性这一基本社会问题的理解,并表明母亲身份甚至会对正向选择的女性产生影响。
Abstract
Women tend to experience a substantial decline in their labour income after their first child is born, while men do not. Do such ‘child penalties’ also exist in the political arena? Using comprehensive administrative data from Norway, we find that women are less likely than men to secure elected office after their first child is born. The effects already manifest from the nomination stage, where mothers receive less favourable rankings on party lists relative to comparable fathers. This paper broadens our understanding of a fundamental social issue in political representation and demonstrates how motherhood even affects positively selected women.