劳动份额下降的难以捉摸的解释
The Elusive Explanation for the Declining Labor Share
Annual Review of Economics · 2022 · [{"name": "Gene M. Grossman", "affiliation": ["Princeton University", "Princeton Public Schools"]}, {"name": "Ezra Oberfield", "affiliation": ["Princeton University"]}]
中文摘要
大量文献试图衡量并解释近年来美国及其他地区国民收入中劳动份额出现的表面下降。被认为导致这一现象的因素包括：技术变革、全球化加剧与中国崛起、大型企业在集中化产品市场中市场势力运用的增强、工会化率下降及劳动力市场中工人议价能力的削弱，以及人口增长放缓和受教育程度提高所致的劳动力构成变化。我们回顾了这一文献，尤其强调使用横截面数据评估该现象时所伴随的陷阱，以及这些论文合计起来为何对该现象的解释程度数倍于其实际降幅。
Abstract
A vast literature seeks to measure and explain the apparent decline in the labor share in national income that has occurred in recent times in the United States and elsewhere. The culprits include technological change, increased globalization and the rise of China, the enhanced exercise of market power by large firms in concentrated product markets, the decline in unionization rates and the erosion in the bargaining power of workers in labor markets, and the changing composition of the workforce due to a slowdown in population growth and a rise in educational attaintment. We review this literature, with special emphasis on the pitfalls associated with using cross-sectional data to assess this phenomenon and the reasons why the body of papers collectively explains the phenomenon many times over.