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移民执法与美国老年人的机构化养老

Immigration enforcement and the institutionalization of elderly Americans
Journal of Health Economics · 2024 · Almuhaisen, Abdulmohsen、Amuedo-Dorantes, Catalina、Furtado, Delia

中文摘要

本文考察移民执法与老年人机构化率之间的关系。利用“安全社区”(Secure Communities, SC)移民执法项目2008年至2014年间在美国各县的交错(分批)实施,我们表明SC使65岁及以上美国人居住在机构中的可能性提高了0.26个百分点(6.8%)。我们的发现支持家庭服务市场的供给冲击是核心机制:最有可能购买家政服务的老年人,在SC实施之后也最有可能搬入养老院。此外,我们还发现家政服务员、个人护理助理和家庭健康护理人员工作时间显著减少的提示性证据,这表明在支持社区养老的职业中,负面供给冲击发挥了关键作用。

Abstract

This paper examines the relationship between immigration enforcement and institutionalization rates of the elderly. Exploiting the staggered implementation of the Secure Communities (SC) immigration enforcement program across U.S. counties from 2008 through 2014, we show that SC led to a 0.26 percentage points (6.8 percent) increase in the likelihood that Americans aged 65 and above live in an institution. Supportive of supply shocks in the household services market as a central mechanism, we find that the elderly who are most likely to purchase domestic worker services are also the most likely to move into nursing homes following the implementation of SC. Additionally, we find suggestive evidence of significant reductions in the work hours of housekeepers, personal care aides, and home health workers hinting at the critical role of negative supply shocks in occupations that facilitate aging in community.
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