American Sociological Review · 2024 · Linda H. Zhao、Andrew V. Papachristos
中文摘要
警察文化造就了一种“我们对抗他们”的动态；在其最坏的情况下，这种动态将针对“细细的蓝线”的威胁视为值得作出群体性回应的事态。既有研究已记录了这种群体威胁过程，并将其视为警察不当行为的一种可能机制，但鲜有研究分析那些充当不当行为回应渠道的具体网络关系。本研究利用2004至2015年间芝加哥警察局（CPD）的不当行为、警员受伤与警员网络数据，考察警员遭平民所伤会在多大程度上引发其同僚、尤其是其直接网络关联者的不当行为回应。研究发现，与受伤警员之间的网络联结预示着更高水平的后续不当行为，对那些与受伤警员关系更为紧密的警员而言尤其如此。此外，同僚受伤对后续不当行为的影响取决于涉案嫌疑人的种族：当涉案嫌疑人为黑人时，同僚受伤的警员与更多的过度使用武力以及其他类型的不当行为相关联。这些发现支持了我们的核心假设，即存在一种将同僚受伤与警察不当行为联系起来的网络化群体威胁回应。
Abstract
Police culture creates an “us versus them” dynamic, which, at its worst, treats threats to the “thin blue line” as worthy of group response. Prior research documents such a group threat process as a possible mechanism for police misconduct, but few studies have analyzed the precise network relationships that serve as the conduit for a misconduct response. Using data on misconduct, officer injuries, and officer networks within the Chicago Police Department (CPD) between 2004 and 2015, this study examines the extent to which injuries officers receive from civilians might elicit a misconduct response from officers’ peers, and especially their direct network associates. Findings demonstrate that network ties to injured officers predict higher levels of subsequent misconduct, especially for officers with stronger ties to the injured officer. Furthermore, the effects of peer injury on subsequent misconduct are contingent on the race of the suspect involved: officers whose peers are injured are linked to more use of excessive force, as well as other types of misconduct, when the suspects involved are Black. These findings support our central hypothesis of a networked group threat response that links peer injuries to police misconduct.