American Economic Journal: Economic Policy · 2021 · Michael Gilraine、Uros Petronijevic、John D. Singleton
中文摘要
尽管择校可能增强竞争,但如果公共教育与替代选择并非完全可替代,公立学校提高生产率的激励可能会被削弱。本文在考虑特许学校项目水平差异的同时,估计了特许学校扩张对教育质量的总体效应。我们的研究设计利用北卡罗来纳州取消全州上限之后产生的变异,比较居住在新开办特许学校附近的学生与居住较远学生的考试成绩变化。我们发现,学习成效的提升源于公立学校对来自非水平差异化特许学校竞争加剧的回应,而且即便在这些特许学校真正开办之前便已显现。
Abstract
While school choice may enhance competition, incentives for public schools to raise productivity may be muted if public education is imperfectly substitutable with alternatives. This paper estimates the aggregate effect of charter school expansion on education quality while accounting for the horizontal differentiation of charter programs. Our research design leverages variation following the removal of North Carolina’s statewide cap to compare test score changes for students who lived near entering charters to those farther away. We find learning gains that are driven by public schools responding to increased competition from non-horizontally differentiated charter schools, even before those charters actually open.