COVID-19 危机期间的求职

中文摘要

本文利用瑞典最大在线招聘平台上职位空缺发布与招聘广告浏览的实时数据，衡量求职行为对 COVID-19 疫情的响应。第一，新增职位空缺发布下降 40%，与美国相似。第二，求职者通过降低搜寻强度作出响应，其程度之大使得在 COVID 疫情暴发后的前三个月内，有效劳动力市场紧张度上升。第三，求职者将搜寻转向受冲击较轻的职业，其转向幅度超出了职位空缺变化所能预测的程度。总体而言，这些求职反应有可能放大劳动力需求冲击。

Abstract

This paper measures the job-search responses to the COVID-19 pandemic using real-time data on vacancy postings and job ad views on Sweden’s largest online job board. First, new vacancy postings drop by 40%, similar to the US. Second, job seekers respond by searching less intensively, to the extent that effective labour market tightness increases during the first three months after the COVID outbreak. Third, they redirect their search towards less severely hit occupations, beyond what changes in vacancies would predict. Overall, these job-search responses have the potential to amplify the labour demand shock.