Journal of Political Economy Microeconomics · 2025 · Katherine Baldiga Coffman、Lucas C. Coffman、Keith M. Marzilli Ericson
Abstract
Economics research has largely overlooked nonbinary individuals. We investigate many of their economically important beliefs and preferences. Average differences include the following: Nonbinary individuals report more gender-based discrimination and less workplace inclusion than men or women. Anti-nonbinary sentiment is stronger than anti-LGBT sentiment, and strongest among men. Nonbinary respondents report lower assertiveness and confidence. They have different career and life aspirations, valuing career prosociality more and having children less. Their social preferences are similar to men’s and less prosocial than women’s, with age an important moderator. Stereotypes are inaccurate, as respondents often mistake the direction of group gender differences or exaggerate their size.