大衰退与精英大学和筛选性较低大学校友收入差距的扩大
The Great Recession and the Widening Income Gap between Alumni of Elite and Less Selective Universities
American Economic Journal: Economic Policy · 2025 · [{"name": "Russell Weinstein", "affiliation": ["University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign"]}]
中文摘要
利用流动性报告卡数据，我表明，在大衰退期间毕业的队列中，精英大学与选择性较低大学校友之间的收入差距扩大了。这一结果体现在平均收入和中位数收入，以及进入高收入百分位的机会上。结果似乎并非由学生构成差异（包括父母收入）驱动。利用一份关于知名企业招聘策略的独特数据集，我揭示了大学选择性可能产生因果影响的一个渠道：在此次衰退期间，高工资企业将招聘集中在精英大学。这些结果对旨在提高低收入学生在选择性大学中代表性的政策具有参考价值。（JEL D31, E32, I23, I28, J31）
Abstract
Using mobility report card data, I show the income gap between alumni of elite and less selective universities widened for cohorts graduating during the Great Recession. This is evident for mean and median incomes and access to high earning percentiles. Results do not appear driven by differences in student composition, including parental income. Using a unique dataset of recruiting strategies for prestigious firms, I highlight one channel through which university selectivity may have a causal impact: high-wage firms concentrated their recruiting at elite universities during the recession. The results are informative for policies increasing lower-income students’ representation at selective universities. (JEL D31, E32, I23, I28, J31)