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停用 Facebook 和 Instagram 对用户情绪状态的影响

The Effect of Deactivating Facebook and Instagram on Users' Emotional State
American Economic Journal: Economic Policy · 2026 · Hunt Allcott、Matthew Gentzkow、Benjamin Wittenbrink、Winter Mason、Arjun Wilkins、Natalie Jomini Stroud

中文摘要

本文利用 2020 年美国大选前开展的两项大型随机实验,估计停用社交媒体对用户情绪状态的影响。在选举前六周内停用 Facebook 的人,相对于仅在六周中的第一周停用的对照组,在由幸福感、抑郁和焦虑构成的指数上报告了 0.060 个标准差的改善。在上述六周内停用 Instagram 的人相对于对照组报告了 0.041 个标准差的改善。探索性分析表明,Facebook 效应主要由 35 岁以上人群驱动,而 Instagram 效应主要由 25 岁以下女性驱动。

Abstract

We estimate the effect of social media deactivation on users' emotional state in two large randomized experiments before the 2020 US election. People who deactivated Facebook for the six weeks before the election reported a 0.060 standard deviation improvement in an index of happiness, depression, and anxiety, relative to controls who deactivated for just the first of those six weeks. People who deactivated Instagram for those six weeks reported a 0.041 standard deviation improvement relative to controls. Exploratory analysis suggests that the Facebook effect is driven by people over 35, while the Instagram effect is driven by women under 25.
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