American Economic Journal: Economic Policy · 2026 · Rema Hanna、Benjamin A. Olken、Sudarno Sumarto、Achmad Maulana、Vivi Alatas、Elan Satriawan
中文摘要
鉴于发展中国家的劳动力非正规性,应对就业冲击颇具挑战。我们研究了印度尼西亚针对临时现金援助与在线职业培训的按需在线申请新方式。通过两年内的 20 次抽签,产生了 1100 万名受益人。在与行政数据相匹配的全国代表性调查中,大多数受益人报告未收到援助,且对就业或消费没有可检测到的影响。相比之下,来自手机可正常使用的申请人的调查数据显示,其报告的领取率较高,收入也更高。结果表明,按需援助虽然灵活且具有潜力,但允许灵活性的设计特征可能妨碍援助的领取,从而削弱其效果。
Abstract
Given labor informality in developing countries, addressing employment shocks is challenging. We study Indonesia's new approach for on-demand online applications for temporary cash assistance and online job training. Through 20 lotteries over two years, 11 million beneficiaries were selected. In nationwide representative surveys matched with administrative data, most beneficiaries report not receiving the assistance, with no detectable impact on employment or consumption. In contrast, survey data from applicants with working phones reveal high reported take-up and higher incomes. The results suggest that, while flexible, on-demand assistance has potential, design features that allow for flexibility could hinder receipt and, thus, impact.