American Economic Journal: Economic Policy · 2026 · Tine M. Eriksen、Amanda P. Gaulke、Niels Skipper、Jannet Svensson、Peter R. Thingholm
中文摘要
本文记录了在一个人人均可获得医疗服务的国家中,单一慢性且可治疗的儿童期健康冲击所导致的成年劳动力市场惩罚存在社会经济梯度。利用儿童期发病的 1 型糖尿病、丹麦行政登记数据以及因果森林方法,我们估计发现 30 岁时的就业与收入惩罚存在可观差异。这些惩罚随父母收入和母亲受教育程度而系统性变化。我们的发现有助于解释收入—健康梯度,并对与医疗保健体系设计相关的政策讨论具有重要意义。
Abstract
This paper documents a socioeconomic gradient in adult labor market penalties stemming from a single chronic and treatable childhood health shock in a country with universal access to health care. Using childhood onset type 1 diabetes, Danish administrative registry data, and causal forests, we estimate substantial variation in the employment and earnings penalties at age 30. These penalties vary systematically with parental income and maternal educational attainment. Our findings help explain the income-health gradient and have important implications for policy discussions related to the design of health care systems.