巴西一所精英大学大规模平权行动的直接影响与溢出效应
The Direct and Spillover Effects of Large-Scale Affirmative Action at an Elite Brazilian University
Journal of Labor Economics · 2023 · [{"name": "Cecilia Machado", "affiliation": ["Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos"]}, {"name": "Germán Morong Reyes", "affiliation": ["Middlebury College", "IZA - Institute of Labor Economics"]}, {"name": "Evan Riehl", "affiliation": ["National Bureau of Economic Research", "Cornell University"]}]
中文摘要
我们考察了巴西一所精英大学平权行动政策的效果，该政策将45%的录取名额保留给黑人和低收入学生。我们发现，通过平权行动渠道入学的边际录取学生，其职业生涯早期收入增加了14%。但平权行动的实施也导致该校排名最高学生的收入大幅下降。我们提供的证据表明，对排名最高学生收入的负向溢出效应，既是由人力资本积累减少所驱动，也是由人脉网络价值下降所驱动。
Abstract
We examine the effects of an affirmative action policy at an elite Brazilian university that reserved 45% of admission slots for Black and low-income students. We find that marginally admitted students who enrolled through the affirmative action tracks experienced a 14% increase in early-career earnings. But the adoption of affirmative action also caused a large decrease in earnings for the university’s most highly ranked students. We present evidence that the negative spillover effects on highly ranked students’ earnings were driven by both a reduction in human capital accumulation and a decline in the value of networking.