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工会谈判力量与便利设施—工资权衡

Union Bargaining Power and the Amenity-Wage Trade-Off
American Economic Review · 2026 · Lorenzo Lagos

中文摘要

本文研究集体谈判如何影响工资与便利设施。通过将集体谈判协议(CBAs)与巴西的雇主—雇员匹配数据合并,我将丰富的合同约定便利设施与工资信息相结合。我采用双重差分策略,利用一项强制集体谈判协议继续有效(即超期效力)的法院裁决,来估计工会谈判力量的影响。工会力量增强会提高工资和便利设施,而不减少就业——尽管存在一定的劳动—劳动替代,仍提高了留任率。显示偏好方法表明,便利设施占全部薪酬增幅的45%。这些发现表明,集体谈判可以抵消买方垄断力量,但雇主仍保留管理劳动力构成的权利。

Abstract

This paper studies how collective bargaining affects wages and amenities. By merging collective bargaining agreements (CBAs) to linked employer-employee data in Brazil, I combine rich contracted amenities with wage information. I implement a difference-in-differences strategy that exploits a court ruling enforcing CBA continuation (i.e., ultra-activity) to estimate the effects of union bargaining power. Strengthening unions raises wages and amenities without reducing employment—increasing retention despite some labor-labor substitution. A revealed-preference approach shows that amenities account for 45 percent of total compensation gains. These findings suggest that collective bargaining can offset monopsony power, but employers retain the right-to-manage workforce composition.
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