The Impact of Unemployment Benefit Extensions on Employment: The 2014 Employment Miracle?
American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics · 2025 · Marcus Hagedorn、Iourii Manovskii、Kurt Mitman
中文摘要
我们测度了失业救济金领取期限对就业与劳动力的总体效应。我们利用了国会于2013年12月未能重新授权大衰退期间推出的前所未有的救济金延期政策所引致的变化。联邦救济金延期在美国各州介于0至47周之间，被骤然削减至零。与其通常的动态形成鲜明对比的是，在救济金领取期限被削减幅度更大的州，劳动力与就业增长急剧加快。这些发现与赋予内生岗位创造重要作用的均衡搜寻框架相一致。(JEL E24, E32, J21, J64, J65)
Abstract
We measure the aggregate effect of unemployment benefit duration on employment and the labor force. We exploit the variation induced by Congress' failure in December 2013 to reauthorize the unprecedented benefit extensions introduced during the Great Recession. Federal benefit extensions that ranged from 0 to 47 weeks across US states were abruptly cut to zero. In sharp contrast to their typical dynamics, labor force and employment growth accelerated sharply in states with larger cuts in benefit duration. These findings are consistent with the equilibrium search framework that assigns an important role to endogenous job creation. (JEL E24, E32, J21, J64, J65)