可调整的产品属性、间接网络效应与补贴设计：以电动汽车为例
Adjustable Product Attributes, Indirect Network Effects, and Subsidy Design: The Case of Electric Vehicles
American Economic Journal: Economic Policy · 2026 · [{"name": "Kevin Remmy", "affiliation": ["University of Mannheim"]}]
中文摘要
本文构建了一个在存在间接网络效应情形下内生产品属性选择的结构模型，用以研究电动汽车（EV）补贴。利用德国电动汽车市场的数据，我发现一项支持计划使电动汽车销量几乎翻了一番，但显著影响了电动汽车的价格与续航里程。这些调整使得在设计补贴时，需要在优化不同政策目标之间进行权衡。大额购置补贴使电动汽车销量最大化，而大额充电站补贴使消费者剩余与总剩余最大化。结果表明，以电动汽车销量最大化为目标，可能通过价格与续航里程调整的形式带来非预期后果。（JEL D12, D22, D85, H25, L14, L62, R41）
Abstract
This paper develops a structural model of endogenous product attribute choice in the presence of indirect network effects to study electric vehicle (EV) subsidies. Using data on the German EV market, I find that a support scheme almost doubled EV sales but substantially affected EVs’ price and driving range. These adjustments create a trade-off between optimizing different policy objectives when designing subsidies. Large purchase subsidies maximize EV sales, whereas large charging station subsidies maximize consumer and total surplus. The results suggest that maximizing EV sales can lead to unintended consequences in the form of price and range adjustments. (JEL D12, D22, D85, H25, L14, L62, R41)