公共物品还是公共坏品？国家建设与本土制度
Public good or public bad? Nation-building and Indigenous institutions
Journal of Development Economics · 2025 · [{"name": "Aldo Elizalde", "affiliation": ["Queen's University Belfast", "Stranmillis University College"]}, {"name": "Eduardo Hidalgo", "affiliation": ["University of Cologne"]}, {"name": "Nayeli Salgado", "affiliation": ["Tecnológico de Monterrey"]}, {"name": "Sotiris Kampanelis", "affiliation": ["Cardiff University"]}]
中文摘要
尽管现有证据表明国家建设政策能够统一社会，但对于某些社会群体如何以及为何抵制这些政策，学界仍知之甚少。我们在墨西哥革命后（1920年代至1950年代）的背景下考察这一问题：当时，新国家实施了一项国家建设政策，通过交通基础设施提升连通性，以消除原住民文化与身份认同。在双重差分设计中，我们利用各地区在前殖民时期政治中央集权暴露程度上的异质性，作为原住民人口动员起来抵制国家整合能力的代理变量。我们发现，在原住民动员效力更强的市镇，交通基础设施的扩张程度更低。我们表明，这种公共品供给不足可部分由原住民身份保存及其较强的集体行动能力来解释。
Abstract
While existing evidence shows that nation-building policies unify societies, little is known about how and what makes some societal groups to resist them. We examine this in the context of the post-Mexican Revolution (1920s–1950s), when the new state implemented a nation-building policy to eliminate Indigenous cultures and identities by increasing connectivity via transport infrastructure. In a difference-in-differences design, we leverage heterogeneity in the exposure to pre-colonial political centralisation as a proxy for the ability of Indigenous populations in mobilising to resist national integration. We find that the expansion of transport infrastructure was lower in municipalities with a stronger efficacy of Indigenous mobilisation. We demonstrate that this underprovision of public goods can be partly explained by Indigenous identity preservation and high abilities for collective actions.