社会背景下的移民与歧视来源: 来自 15 个拉丁美洲国家的实验证据
Migration and sources of discrimination in a social context: Experimental evidence from 15 Latin American countries
Journal of Development Economics · 2025 · [{"name": "Carlos Gómez‐González", "affiliation": ["University of Lausanne"]}, {"name": "Gwen-Jirō Clochard", "affiliation": ["Institute for Social and Economic Research", "The University of Osaka"]}, {"name": "Helmut Dietl", "affiliation": ["Zurich University of Applied Sciences in Business Administration", "University of Zurich"]}, {"name": "Juan Cruz Duhalde", "affiliation": ["University of San Andrés"]}]
中文摘要
本文研究两类统计性歧视：个体（生产率）歧视与构成性（团队匹配）歧视。我们在体育情境下，针对15个拉丁美洲国家开展了一项大规模通信研究，以检验二者对个体行为的影响。我们向男性业余足球俱乐部发送了超过10,000份申请，请求获准参加一次训练课。每个俱乐部收到一份申请，申请人的籍贯以及关于个体和构成生产率的信号被随机设定。我们发现总体上不存在针对移民的歧视证据，但观察到与个体统计性歧视相一致的异质性。生产率信号没有显著影响。
• 我们通过在15个拉丁美洲国家发送10,000多份申请，检验对移民的歧视；总体而言，我们未发现对移民的歧视
• 我们发现按籍贯划分存在群体差异，惩罚亚洲人而偏袒欧洲人，符合一种个体统计性歧视的形式
• 生产率信号不影响邀请结果
Abstract
This paper considers two types of statistical discrimination: individual (productivity) and compo- sitional (team fit). We conduct a large-scale correspondence study in 15 Latin American countries in the context of sports to test their influence on individual behavior. We send over 10,000 applications to male amateur soccer clubs and ask them to participate in a practice session. Each club receives one application, randomly varying the applicant’s origin and signals about individual and compositional productivity. We find no evidence of discrimination against immigrants overall, but we observe het- erogeneity that is consistent with individual statistical discrimination. Productivity signals have no significant influence. • We test discrimination against immigrants with 10,000+ applications in 15 Latin American countries Overall, we find no discrimination against immigrants • We find group differences by origin, which penalize Asians and favor Europeans, in line with a form of individual statistical discrimination • Productivity signals do not affect invitation outcomes