顺序效应与教师劳动供给：厄瓜多尔的一项全国性随机对照试验
Order Effects and Teacher Labor Supply: A Nationwide RCT in Ecuador
American Economic Journal: Applied Economics · 2026 · [{"name": "Nicolás Ajzenman", "affiliation": ["McGill University"]}, {"name": "Gregory Elacqua", "affiliation": ["Inter-American Development Bank"]}, {"name": "Luana Marotta", "affiliation": ["Inter-American Development Bank"]}, {"name": "Anne Sofie Olsen", "affiliation": ["Novo Nordisk (Finland)", "Novo Nordisk (United States)", "Novo Nordisk (Italy)"]}]
中文摘要
我们评估了一项旨在减少教师分选的全国性零成本干预——在此类分选中，低收入学生更可能就读于师资配备不足、教师资质较低的学校。我们的方法基于行为经济学中一项被称为"顺序效应"(order effects)的洞见。在处理组中，教师求职申请平台优先显示难以配备教师的学校；而在对照组中，学校按字母顺序显示。接受处理的教师更有可能申请难以配备教师的学校，并将其列为最高优先志愿。注意力不集中或资质较低的教师并未影响这一结果。该干预有助于减少合格教师在校际间的不平等分布。（JEL D91, I23, I24, J28, J45, O15）
Abstract
We evaluate a nationwide zero-cost intervention to reduce teacher sorting, where lower-income students are more likely to attend understaffed schools with less qualified teachers. Our approach was grounded in an insight from behavioral economics known as order effects. In the treatment arm, the teacher job application platform showed hard-to-staff schools first, while, in the control group, schools were displayed alphabetically. Treated teachers were more likely to apply to hard-to-staff schools, ranking them their highest priority. Inattentive or less qualified teachers did not influence the results. The intervention helped to reduce the unequal distribution of qualified teachers across schools. (JEL D91, I23, I24, J28, J45, O15)