恐惧与安全网:来自安全社区的证据
Fear and the Safety Net: Evidence from Secure Communities
Review of Economics and Statistics · 2022 · [{"name": "Marcella Alsan", "affiliation": ["Bread for the World Institute", "Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center"]}, {"name": "Crystal Yang", "affiliation": ["Brooklyn Law School"]}]
中文摘要
摘要 我们研究"安全社区"（Secure Communities）项目——一项大幅增加美国境内西班牙裔非公民被驱逐出境人数的移民执法计划——对同族裔公民参与家计调查型社会保险项目的影响。利用执法推行过程中的县级差异及其族裔特异性，我们发现，以西班牙裔为户主的公民家庭显著减少了对两个大型联邦安全网项目的参与。我们的结果最符合网络效应的解释，即恐惧通过少数族裔社区传播，而非污名化或缺乏福利信息。
Abstract
Abstract We study the effects of Secure Communities, an immigration enforcement program that dramatically increased interior removals of Hispanic noncitizens from the United States, on participation in means-tested social insurance programs among co-ethnic citizens. Exploiting county-level variation in the roll-out of enforcement together with its ethnic specificity, we find that Hispanic-headed citizen households significantly reduced their participation in two large federal safety net programs. Our results are most consistent with network effects that propagate fear through minority communities rather than stigma or lack of benefit information.