市场准入、贸易成本与技术采用:来自坦桑尼亚北部的证据
Market Access, Trade Costs, and Technology Adoption: Evidence from Northern Tanzania
Review of Economics and Statistics · 2022 · [{"name": "Shilpa Aggarwal", "affiliation": ["Indian School of Business"]}, {"name": "Brian Giera", "affiliation": []}, {"name": "Dahyeon Jeong", "affiliation": ["World Bank"]}, {"name": "Jonathan Robinson", "affiliation": ["Bread for the World Institute"]}, {"name": "Alan Spearot", "affiliation": []}]
中文摘要
摘要：我们收集了价格、运输成本和农户决策数据，以量化坦桑尼亚北部1,180个村庄化肥的市场可及性及其对农业生产率的影响。处于经运输成本调整后投入品价格分布底部的村庄，其面临的价格比处于顶部的村庄不利40%–55%。村庄层面偏远程度每增加一个标准差，投入品采用率降低20%–25%。一个投入品采用的空间模型保守地估计，总贸易成本是货币性运输成本的4倍。反事实模拟表明，将运输成本减半将使采用率提高一倍以上，并使采用率—偏远程度梯度降低63%。
Abstract
Abstract We collect data on prices, travel costs, and farmer decisions to quantify market access for chemical fertilizer and its impact on agricultural productivity in 1,180 villages in Northern Tanzania. Villages at the bottom of the travel cost-adjusted input price distribution face 40%–55% less favorable prices than those at the top. A standard deviation increase in village-level remoteness is associated with 20%–25% lower input adoption. A spatial model of input adoption conservatively estimates that total trade costs are 4 times pecuniary travel costs. Counterfactuals suggest that halving travel costs would more than double adoption and reduce the adoption-remoteness gradient by 63%.