零售电子商务对相对价格与消费者福利的影响
The Impact of Retail E-Commerce on Relative Prices and Consumer Welfare
Review of Economics and Statistics · 2022 · [{"name": "Yoon Ee Jo", "affiliation": ["Mitchell Institute", "Texas A&M University"]}, {"name": "Misaki Matsumura", "affiliation": ["Deloitte (United States)"]}, {"name": "David E. Weinstein", "affiliation": ["Columbia University"]}]
中文摘要
摘要 本文考察零售电子商务对定价行为与福利的影响。利用日本数据，我们发现电子商务降低了在线密集销售商品的相对通胀率。我们使用长时间序列数据和历史目录销售作为电子商务销售强度的工具变量。电子商务企业的进入提高了在线密集销售商品在实体店中的城市间价格趋同速度，但对其他商品没有这一影响，这表明电子商务增强了价格套利。我们估计，1996年至2014年间，电子商务平均使经品种调整后的价格下降了0.9%，且在受教育程度较高人口占比更高的城市中降幅更大。
Abstract
Abstract This paper examines the impact of retail e-commerce on pricing behavior and welfare. Using Japanese data, we find that e-commerce lowered relative inflation rates for goods sold intensively online. We use long time series and historical catalog sales as an instrument for e-commerce sales intensity. The entry of e-commerce firms raised the rate of intercity price convergence in physical stores for goods sold intensively online, but not for other goods, which suggests e-commerce enhances price arbitrage. We estimate that e-commerce lowered variety-adjusted prices on average by 0.9% between 1996 and 2014, and more in cities with highly educated populations.