对最低工资的消费反应：来自中国家庭的证据
Consumption Response to Minimum Wages: Evidence from Chinese Households
Review of Economics and Statistics · 2024 · [{"name": "Ernest Dautović", "affiliation": ["European Central Bank"]}, {"name": "Harald Hau", "affiliation": ["Swiss Finance Institute"]}, {"name": "Yi Huang", "affiliation": ["Center for Economic and Policy Research", "Fudan University"]}]
中文摘要
摘要 本文评估了2002—2009年期间中国最低工资政策对低工资家庭消费的影响。利用具有代表性的城市家庭面板数据，我们发现，家庭对最低工资收入增加的消费响应随着最低工资收入占家庭总收入份额的上升而增强。具体而言，较贫困的家庭将其额外收入全部用于消费，同时并未出现有实质意义的负向就业效应。较高的边际消费倾向主要由至少有一名子女的家庭所驱动，而没有子女的贫困家庭则将最低工资增收的三分之二用于储蓄。支出的增加集中在医疗保健和教育方面，可能对家庭福利产生持久的益处。
Abstract
Abstract This article evaluates the impact of the Chinese minimum-wage policy on consumption of low-wage households for the period 2002–2009. Using a representative panel of urban households, we find that the consumption response to minimum-wage income hikes increases in the share of minimum-wage income in total household income. In particular, poorer households fully consume their additional income, while meaningful negative employment effects are absent. The large marginal propensity to consume is driven by households with at least one child, while poor, childless households save two-thirds of a minimum-wage hike. The expenditure increase is concentrated in health care and education with potentially long-lasting benefits to household welfare.