耐心的养育：父母激励与儿童发展
Parenting with Patience: Parental Incentives and Child Development
Journal of Political Economy · 2025 · [{"name": "Daniela Del Boca", "affiliation": []}, {"name": "Christopher J. Flinn", "affiliation": []}, {"name": "Ewout Verriest", "affiliation": []}, {"name": "Matthew Wiswall", "affiliation": []}]
中文摘要
我们构建了一个儿童发展的动态模型，其中具有前瞻性的父母和儿童在马尔可夫完美均衡框架下共同采取行动，以提高儿童的认知与非认知技能。除了对子女进行时间和金钱投资外，父母还选择是否使用显性激励来增加儿童的自我投资，而这可能通过降低儿童的贴现因子，从而削弱儿童未来自我投资的内在动机。我们利用估计得到的模型参数表明，使用外在动机会在儿童未来自我投资的激励方面带来巨大成本。
Abstract
We construct a dynamic model of child development where forward-looking parents and children jointly take actions to increase the child’s cognitive and noncognitive skills within a Markov perfect equilibrium framework. In addition to time and money investments in their child, parents also choose whether to use explicit incentives to increase the child’s self-investment, which may reduce the child’s future intrinsic motivation to invest by reducing the child’s discount factor. We use the estimated model parameters to show that the use of extrinsic motivation has large costs in terms of the child’s future incentives to invest in themselves.