作为社会政策的需求刺激
Demand Stimulus as Social Policy
Review of Economic Studies · 2025 · [{"name": "Alan J. Auerbach", "affiliation": ["Berkeley College", "University of California, Berkeley"]}, {"name": "Yuriy Gorodnichenko", "affiliation": ["Center for Economic and Policy Research", "University of California, Berkeley"]}, {"name": "Daniel M. Murphy", "affiliation": ["University of Virginia"]}]
中文摘要
摘要 我们利用一个包含丰富人口统计信息的城市层面面板数据，估计国防部支出的分配效应及其对一系列社会结果的影响。国防支出所产生的收入和就业主要归于没有学士学位的家庭。这些家庭以及黑人和西班牙裔家庭往往从这类支出中获得不成比例的收益。国防支出还促进了一系列通常作为政府项目目标的有益社会结果，包括降低贫困率、离婚率、残疾率和死亡率，以及提高住房拥有率、健康保险覆盖率和职业声望。我们将国防支出的效应与一般需求冲击的效应进行比较，并探讨这些冲击产生差异化效应的原因。
Abstract
Abstract We exploit a panel of city-level data with rich demographic information to estimate the distributional effects of Department of Defense spending and its effects on a range of social outcomes. The income and employment generated by defence spending accrue predominantly to households without a bachelor's degree. These households as well as Black and Hispanic households tend to disproportionately benefit from this spending. Defence spending also promotes a range of beneficial social outcomes that are often targeted by government programs, including reductions in poverty, divorce rates, disability rates, and mortality rates, as well as increases in homeownership rates, health insurance rates, and occupational prestige. We compare the effects of defence spending with the effects of general demand shocks and explore reasons for the differential effects of the shocks.
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