性别特定的劳动力市场冲击与家庭议价能力
Gender-specific labour market shocks and household bargaining power.
The Economic Journal · 2026 · [{"name": "Rania Gihleb", "affiliation": ["University of Pittsburgh"]}, {"name": "Osea Giuntella", "affiliation": ["University of Pittsburgh"]}, {"name": "Dor Morag", "affiliation": ["University of Pittsburgh"]}]
中文摘要
摘要：本文使用机器学习以及关于单身男性和单身女性消费模式的产品层面数据，构建了一个量化消费品“性别化”特征的指数。我们利用该指数考察性别特定的劳动力市场冲击如何影响异性恋家庭内部的支出模式。研究发现，工业机器人的采用——它恶化了男性的相对经济地位——使家庭消费转向主要由单身女性购买的产品。相比之下，水力压裂的扩张提高了对年轻且低技能男性的需求，为增加对单身男性偏好商品的支出提供了提示性但稳健性较弱的证据。尽管两种冲击均未显著改变儿童产品的总支出，但机器人暴露导致支出重新配置，转向相比儿子更常为女儿购买的商品。
Abstract
Abstract Using machine learning and product-level data on single men’s and single women’s consumption patterns, we develop an index that quantifies the „gendered‟ nature of consumer goods. We use the index to investigate how gender-specific labour market shocks influence spending patterns within heterosexual households. Our findings reveal that industrial robot adoption, which worsened men’s relative economic position, shifted household consumption toward products predominantly purchased by single women. In contrast, the expansion of fracking, which boosted demand for young and less skilled men, yields suggestive but less robust evidence of increased spending on goods favoured by single men. Although neither shock significantly altered total spending on children’s products, robot exposure led to a reallocation of spending toward goods more commonly purchased for daughters than for sons.