借助技术辅助监测实现空气污染控制目标：更好的执法还是局部努力？
Achieving Air Pollution Control Targets with Technology‑Aided Monitoring: Better Enforcement or Localized Efforts?
American Economic Journal: Economic Policy · 2024 · [{"name": "Lin Yang", "affiliation": ["Hong Kong University of Science and Technology", "University of Hong Kong"]}, {"name": "Yatang Lin", "affiliation": ["Hong Kong University of Science and Technology", "University of Hong Kong"]}, {"name": "Wang Jin", "affiliation": ["Hong Kong University of Science and Technology", "University of Hong Kong"]}, {"name": "Fangyuan Peng", "affiliation": ["University of Hong Kong"]}]
中文摘要
由于监测不足与激励错配，环境规制执行不力仍是一个全球性问题。本文考察在中国治污攻坚战背景下，自动化监测对实现空气污染控制目标的影响。利用交错实施过程与遥感数据，我们发现地方政府对先进监测系统的回应是有策略地瞄准监测点附近区域，导致自动监测点邻近区域的污染相较于更远区域下降了3.2%。此外，我们观察到，在既有数据操纵程度不同的城市之间，以及面临不同激励和公众压力的官员之间，回应存在异质性。（JEL O13, O18, P25, P28, Q53, Q55, R11）
Abstract
Weak enforcement of environmental regulations remains a global issue due to inadequate monitoring and misaligned incentives. This paper examines the effects of automated monitoring on achieving air pollution control targets amidst China’s war on pollution. Utilizing the staggered rollout process and remote-sensing data, we find local governments respond to the advanced monitoring system by strategically targeting areas near monitors, resulting in a 3.2 percent decrease in pollution adjacent to automated monitors compared to areas farther away. Furthermore, we observe heterogeneity in response across cities with varying degrees of preexisting data manipulation and among officials facing different incentives and public pressure. (JEL O13, O18, P25, P28, Q53, Q55, R11)