法院决策中的身份认同
Identity in Court Decision-Making
American Economic Journal: Economic Policy · 2024 · [{"name": "Ulrika Ahrsjö", "affiliation": ["Stockholm School of Economics"]}, {"name": "Susan Niknami", "affiliation": ["Swedish Institute"]}, {"name": "Mårten Palme", "affiliation": ["Stockholm University"]}]
中文摘要
我们从多个维度探讨身份认同在高风险决策中的作用。数据包含瑞典法院中被告与随机分配陪审员的人口统计学和社会经济指标信息。结果表明，若多一名属于同一身份形成群体的陪审员参与审判，被告获得监禁判决的可能性会降低4%至6%，且被判处的刑期缩短10%。社会经济背景与人口统计属性对身份认同效应同等重要，这些效应主要源自审理时间较长、且被告出庭在场的审判。(JEL D91, J15, J16, K42, Z13)
Abstract
We explore the role of identity along multiple dimensions in high-stakes decision-making. Our data contain information about demographic and socioeconomic indicators for defendants and randomly assigned jurors in a Swedish court. Our results show that defendants are 4 to 6 percent less likely to get a prison sentence if judged by one more juror belonging to the same identity-forming group. Moreover, they are given 10 percent shorter prison sentences. Socioeconomic background and demographic attributes are equally important for identity effects, and these effects stem from trials of longer duration and where the defendant is present in the courtroom. (JEL D91, J15, J16, K42, Z13)