碳抵消是否抵消了碳？
Do Carbon Offsets Offset Carbon?
American Economic Journal: Applied Economics · 2024 · [{"name": "Raphael Calel", "affiliation": ["Georgetown University"]}, {"name": "Jonathan Colmer", "affiliation": ["University of Virginia"]}, {"name": "Antoine Dechezleprêtre", "affiliation": ["London School of Economics and Political Science"]}, {"name": "Matthieu Glachant", "affiliation": ["École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris"]}]
中文摘要
我们开发并实施了一种识别浪费性补贴的新方法，并利用该方法系统性地提供了清洁发展机制——全球最大的碳抵消项目——中碳抵消错配的系统证据。利用新构建的印度1,000多个风电场的位置与特征数据，我们估计，至少52%的获批碳抵消被分配给了极有可能无论如何都会建成的项目。我们估计，将这些抵消额出售给受监管的污染者，导致全球二氧化碳排放量大幅增加。(JEL H23, O13, Q42, Q54, Q58)
Abstract
We develop and implement a new method for identifying wasted subsidies and use it to provide systematic evidence of the misallocation of carbon offsets in the Clean Development Mechanism—the world's largest carbon offset program. Using newly constructed data on the locations and characteristics of over 1,000 wind farms in India, we estimate that at least 52 percent of approved carbon offsets were allocated to projects that would very likely have been built anyway. We estimate that the sale of these offsets to regulated polluters resulted in substantially higher global carbon dioxide emissions.(JEL H23, O13, Q42, Q54, Q58)