为更凉爽的一天支付的意愿：来自50年美国职业棒球大联盟比赛的证据
The Willingness to Pay for a Cooler Day: Evidence from 50 Years of Major League Baseball Games
American Economic Journal: Applied Economics · 2024 · [{"name": "Kevin Kuruc", "affiliation": ["The University of Texas at Austin", "University of Oklahoma"]}, {"name": "Melissa LoPalo", "affiliation": ["Montana State University"]}, {"name": "Sean O’Connor", "affiliation": []}]
中文摘要
气候经济学文献已记录极端温度通过死亡率、生产率和冲突等机制对福祉产生的不利影响。仅因不适所导致的影响则了解较少。本文采用显示偏好方法考察个体对天气的估值。我们首先量化了美国职业棒球大联盟(MLB)比赛在炎热和寒冷天气下上座人数的下降。利用这一发现，并结合基于历史信息的水平供给曲线假设，我们推断出极端温度负效用的货币化估计值。我们估计，高温暴露每小时造成1.53美元的效用损失，意味着总体福利效应不可忽视。(JEL D12, I31, L83, Q54, Z21)
Abstract
The climate economy literature has documented adverse effects of extreme temperatures on well-being through mechanisms such as mortality, productivity, and conflict. Impacts due simply to discomfort are less well understood. This paper investigates individuals' valuations of weather using a revealed preference approach. We first quantify the decline in attendance at Major League Baseball games on hot and cold days. Leveraging this finding coupled with the historically informed assumption of a horizontal supply curve, we infer a monetized estimate of the disutility of extreme temperatures. We estimate a $1.53 utility loss per hour of exposure to high temperatures, implying nontrivial aggregate welfare effects. (JEL D12, I31, L83, Q54, Z21)