碳税的地理含义
On the Geographic Implications of Carbon Taxes
The Economic Journal · 2025 · [{"name": "Bruno Conte", "affiliation": ["Universitat Pompeu Fabra", "Barcelona School of Economics"]}, {"name": "Klaus Desmet", "affiliation": ["Southern Methodist University"]}, {"name": "Esteban Rossi‐Hansberg", "affiliation": ["Center for Economic and Policy Research", "University of Chicago"]}]
中文摘要
使用多部门动态空间综合评估模型，我们认为，欧盟引入并在本地返还的碳税，如果规模不太大，可以通过将经济活动集中在其高生产率的非农业核心地区，并激励移民流入欧盟，从而扩大欧洲经济的规模。由此产生的经济活动空间分布变化提高了全球效率和福利。美国引入的碳税会产生类似效应。这与忽视贸易和移民、却处于由经济地理力量塑造的世界中的标准模型形成鲜明对比。
Abstract
Abstract Using a multi-sector dynamic spatial integrated assessment model, we argue that a carbon tax introduced by the European Union and rebated locally can, if not too large, increase the size of Europe’s economy by concentrating economic activity in its high-productivity non-agricultural core and by incentivising immigration to the European Union. The resulting change in the spatial distribution of economic activity improves global efficiency and welfare. A carbon tax introduced by the United States generates similar effects. This stands in sharp contrast with standard models that ignore trade and migration in a world shaped by economic geography forces.