架设桥梁与扩大差距

Review of Economics and Statistics · 2022 · [{"name": "Aline Bütikofer", "affiliation": ["Norwegian School of Economics"]}, {"name": "Katrine Vellesen Løken", "affiliation": ["Norwegian School of Economics"]}, {"name": "Alexander Willén", "affiliation": ["Norwegian School of Economics"]}]

中文摘要

摘要：本文利用丹麦与瑞典之间厄勒海峡大桥的开通，考察了进入更大劳动力市场对工资和就业的影响。研究表明，大桥的开通显著增加了瑞典人的跨境通勤行为，并使该地区工人的平均工资提高了13.5%。我们进一步发现，工资收益的分布并不均匀：该效应对高学历男性影响最大，对低学历女性影响最小。因此，工资收益是以收入不平等加剧和性别工资差距扩大为代价的，这一代价体现在家庭内部与家庭之间。

Abstract

Abstract By exploiting the opening of the Öresund Bridge between Denmark and Sweden, we examine the impact of access to larger labor markets on wages and employment. We show that the bridge generated a substantial increase in the cross-country commuting behavior of Swedes and a 13.5% increase in the average wage of workers in the region. We further show that the wage gains are unevenly distributed: the effect is largest for high-educated men and smallest for low-educated women. Thus, the wage gains come at the cost of increased income inequality and a widening of the gender wage gap, both within and across households.